The Playful Minds

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a heart condition that affects some newborns. In this condition, the ductus arteriosus, which is a blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta, fails to close after birth, leading to abnormal blood flow between the two vessels. This can cause various complications and require medical treatment. In this article, we will discuss PDA in babies, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. Causes of PDA in babies: The exact cause of PDA in babies is not known, but it is believed to be a result of a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Babies who are born premature or have a low birth weight are at a higher risk of developing PDA. Other risk factors include maternal rubella infection during pregnancy, certain genetic conditions, and exposure to certain medications. Symptoms of PDA in babies: The symptoms of PDA in babies can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Some babies with PDA may not show ...

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common digestive disorder that can affect newborns. GERD occurs when the muscle that separates the stomach and the esophagus, called the lower esophageal sphincter, does not close properly. This allows stomach contents to flow back into the esophagus, leading to symptoms such as spitting up, vomiting, poor weight gain, and breathing difficulties. Infants with GERD may show symptoms shortly after feeding or during sleep. They may arch their backs, cry or fuss during or after feeding, and refuse to eat. Some may experience breathing difficulties, such as wheezing, choking, or coughing, and have recurrent respiratory infections. In severe cases, GERD can cause damage to the esophagus, leading to bleeding, ulcers, and scar tissue formation. Causes: GERD in newborns is usually caused by an immature digestive system. The lower esophageal sphincter (LES) is a muscle at the bottom of the esophagus that opens to allow food to enter the stomach and clo...